Since sugilite has been only recently discovered, there is little history and not much has been written about it (you may not even find it in your dictionary).
Sugilite comes in many shades in the blue-red spectrum. The color of an individual stone will vary depending on the available light. In daylight stones will tend to be more bluish-purple, under incandescent light they will appear more reddish-violet.
The first known appearance of the mineral Sugilite took place on the Iwagi Islet in Southwest Japan in 1944. It was discovered by Professor Kenichi Sugi (for which it was later named ) and Mr. Kutsuna, a colleague of the professors. The color of this first variety was a light brownish yellow and was in the form of minute grains.
The second known occurrence came in 1955. A single dark red ore specimen was found that had pink crystals across its surface. It was found in manganese ore samples in the Madhya Pradesh in central India. It was not identified as Sugilite until many years afterwards.
Neither of these discoveries produced sufficient quantities or material of desirable color to be of any use to the gem maker.
In 1975 the third and most important occurrence took place in the Southern Khalahari desert near Hotazel, South Africa. This came in the form of a thin bright magenta band running through a core sample obtained at the Wessels Manganese mine. The part of the mine where the sample was obtained contained only low grade ore, so excavation of this area did not ensue until several years later (after the high grade areas had been mined). In 1979 they turned their efforts to the low grade ore area where the Sugilite had been found. At 3,200 feet below the surface, an inclined shaft's roof fell in, exposing the first major deposit of gem grade Sugilite. This great pocket yielded about ten thousand pounds of material suitable for gem making. Most of this original material has since been used up, but occasionally more has been found in limited quantities.
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